185 research outputs found
Intelligence gathering by capturing the social processes within prisons
We present a prototype system that can be used to capture longitudinal
socialising processes by recording people's encounters in space. We argue that
such a system can usefully be deployed in prisons and other detention
facilities in order help intelligence analysts assess the behaviour or
terrorist and organised crime groups, and their potential relationships. Here
we present the results of a longitudinal study, carried out with civilians,
which demonstrates the capabilities of our system.Comment: 21 pages, 7 Figures, 1 tabl
Towards sustainable transport: wireless detection of passenger trips on public transport buses
An important problem in creating efficient public transport is obtaining data
about the set of trips that passengers make, usually referred to as an
Origin/Destination (OD) matrix. Obtaining this data is problematic and
expensive in general, especially in the case of buses because on-board
ticketing systems do not record where and when passengers get off a bus. In
this paper we describe a novel and inexpensive system that uses off-the-shelf
Bluetooth hardware to accurately record passenger journeys. Here we show how
our system can be used to derive passenger OD matrices, and additionally we
show how our data can be used to further improve public transport services.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
An empirical study of spatial and transpatial social networks using Bluetooth and Facebook
This study provides insights into the quantitative similarities, differences
and relationships between users' spatial, face-to-face, urban social networks
and their transpatial, online counterparts. We explore and map the social ties
within a cohort of 2602 users, and how those ties are mediated via physical
co-presence and online tools. Our analysis focused on isolating two distinct
segments of the social network: one mediated by physical co-presence, and the
other mediated by Facebook. Our results suggest that as a whole the networks
exhibit homogeneous characteristics, but individuals' involvement in those
networks varies considerably. Furthermore this study provides a methodological
approach for jointly analysing spatial & transpatial networks utilising
pervasive and ubiquitous technology.Comment: 17 pages,4 figures, 1 tabl
MicroFog: A Framework for Scalable Placement of Microservices-based IoT Applications in Federated Fog Environments
MicroService Architecture (MSA) is gaining rapid popularity for developing
large-scale IoT applications for deployment within distributed and
resource-constrained Fog computing environments. As a cloud-native application
architecture, the true power of microservices comes from their loosely coupled,
independently deployable and scalable nature, enabling distributed placement
and dynamic composition across federated Fog and Cloud clusters. Thus, it is
necessary to develop novel microservice placement algorithms that utilise these
microservice characteristics to improve the performance of the applications.
However, existing Fog computing frameworks lack support for integrating such
placement policies due to their shortcomings in multiple areas, including MSA
application placement and deployment across multi-fog multi-cloud environments,
dynamic microservice composition across multiple distributed clusters,
scalability of the framework, support for deploying heterogeneous microservice
applications, etc. To this end, we design and implement MicroFog, a Fog
computing framework providing a scalable, easy-to-configure control engine that
executes placement algorithms and deploys applications across federated Fog
environments. Furthermore, MicroFog provides a sufficient abstraction over
container orchestration and dynamic microservice composition. The framework is
evaluated using multiple use cases. The results demonstrate that MicroFog is a
scalable, extensible and easy-to-configure framework that can integrate and
evaluate novel placement policies for deploying microservice-based applications
within multi-fog multi-cloud environments. We integrate multiple microservice
placement policies to demonstrate MicroFog's ability to support horizontally
scaled placement, thus reducing the application service response time up to
54%
Microservices-based IoT Applications Scheduling in Edge and Fog Computing: A Taxonomy and Future Directions
Edge and Fog computing paradigms utilise distributed, heterogeneous and
resource-constrained devices at the edge of the network for efficient
deployment of latency-critical and bandwidth-hungry IoT application services.
Moreover, MicroService Architecture (MSA) is increasingly adopted to keep up
with the rapid development and deployment needs of the fast-evolving IoT
applications. Due to the fine-grained modularity of the microservices along
with their independently deployable and scalable nature, MSA exhibits great
potential in harnessing both Fog and Cloud resources to meet diverse QoS
requirements of the IoT application services, thus giving rise to novel
paradigms like Osmotic computing. However, efficient and scalable scheduling
algorithms are required to utilise the said characteristics of the MSA while
overcoming novel challenges introduced by the architecture. To this end, we
present a comprehensive taxonomy of recent literature on microservices-based
IoT applications scheduling in Edge and Fog computing environments.
Furthermore, we organise multiple taxonomies to capture the main aspects of the
scheduling problem, analyse and classify related works, identify research gaps
within each category, and discuss future research directions.Comment: 35 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ACM Computing Survey
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